Jul 28, 2015 given that diabetes and hypertension are characterized by elevated inflammationoxidative stress 4, 1214 and these two pathophysiological driving forces are implicated in many cardiac complications 4, 1214, j. Patients should receive initial advice from a state registered dietician. Standard of care of type 2 diabetes mellitus in brunei. The two main types of diabetes are type 1 and type 2. Sep 11, 2009 a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes means lifestyle changes that can be frustrating but are important for a long, healthy life. Type 2 diabetes diabetes american heart association. The next handout will explain the alternative solutions that even some doctors recommend to their patients. Type 1 diabetes diagnosis to diagnose type 1 diabetes, doctors use several blood tests. Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus michigan medicine. The following are reproducible patient education handouts available in pdf format. In type 2 diabetes, the body isnt able to use insulin the right way. Mechanisms linking obesity to insulin resistance and type. Type 1 diabetes typically happens to people under the age of 30 and cannot be prevented.
Type 2 diabetes t2d is the most common form of diabetes, a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin action, insulin secretion, or both. Insulin resistance, type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and related. This will help you prevent long term problems from diabetes. The current study investigates the impact of daily exercise versus exercise performed every other day on glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients. Materials and handouts consists of the participant schedule, tools to assist with tracking food, fitness, and weight, and additional resources. Type 2 diabetes understanding diabetes is the first step toward managing it. As well as support from your gp and practice nurse. In type 2 diabetes, your body does not use insulin properly. All forms of diabetes involve a reduced ability of the body to handle blood glucose the type of. In type 1 diabetes, autoimmunemediated destruction of pancreatic betacell results in insulin deficiency. Understanding type 2 diabetes diabetes education online.
Type 2 diabetes is typically found in adults and is often a result of. Several studies 5, 6 have shown that type 2 diabetes can be prevented with the modification of lifestyles and by educating people or developing awareness about the risk factors. Diabetes is a problem with your body that causes blood glucose sugar levels to rise higher than normal. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes nutrition therapy page 2 food lists for carbohydrate counting 1 serving about 15 grams of carbohydrate starches 1 slice bread 1 ounce 1 tortilla 6inch size potatoes, winter squash, or. Those not responding to dietary advice and who meet the criteria should be considered for referral to the glasgow weight management program see appendix 10. Type 2 diabetes is more common in people of african, africancaribbean and south asian family origin. This website can help you learn about, and live a healthy life with type 1 diabetes.
Your guide to diabetes national institute of diabetes and. In 2010, the american diabetes association said that the a1c test can be used to help diagnosis type 1 diabetes. Type 2 means that your body doesnt use insulin properly. Gateway b1 2014 type 1 and type 2 diabetes teaching resources. Diabetes mellitus type 2 johns hopkins medicine, based. The three main types of diabetes are type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes.
In type 1 diabetes, the immune system damages the insulinproducing cells of the pancreas. Type 1 diabetes develops most often in children or young adults. Thirty type 2 diabetic patients age 60 1 years, bmi 30. Type 2 diabetes was previously called noninsulindependent diabetes mellitus niddm or adultonset diabetes. Diabetes, also called diabetes mellitus, is a condition that causes blood sugar to rise. To understand type i and type 2 diabetes, the differences between the two types, and how to recognize. There are currently 24 million americans estimated. The good news is that eating fewer calories and beingmore active can reverse prediabetes and delay or prevent type 2 diabetes. A fasting blood glucose sugar level of 126 milligrams per deciliter mgdl. Prediabetes is defined as a fasting blood sugar of 100 to 125 mgdl.
This document has been redirected please update your. Gateway b1 2014 type 1 and type 2 diabetes teaching. Click here to view or download the program handouts. Having prediabetes means that you are at greater risk for type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke. The a1c test shows your average blood glucose blood sugar level over the past 2 to 3 months. Type 1 diabetes requires regular blood sugar monitoring and. Type 1 diabetes is said to account for only a minority of the total burden of diabetes in a population although it is the major type of the diabetes in younger. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition caused by the inability of the pancreas to produce insulin andor the body to us e insulin appropriately. Bring your weight and blood sugar levels close to normal ranges.
Learn what diabetes is and how it affects your body, what kind of diabetes you have, and how to. Studies suggest that the typical patient with newonset type 2 diabetes has had diabetes for at least 47 years before it is diagnosed. Over time your pancreas isnt able to keep up and cant make enough insulin to keep your blood glucose levels normal. Awareness regarding risk factors of type 2 diabetes among. As type 2 diabetes gets worse, the pancreas may make less and less insulin. Diabetes education and sociodemographic factors need to be considered to improve the awareness regarding the risk factors of type 2 diabetes. The types of diabetes are type 1, type 2, and a condition called gestational diabetes, which happens when pregnant. Living with type 2 diabetes is a free, yearlong program that offers information and support as you learn to live with diabetes. The american diabetes association is ready to help you every step of the way. This booklet will help you get started but to get more information, join the living with type 2 diabetes program. Type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents model of care. In obese individuals, adipose tissue releases increased amounts of.
Type 2 diabetes usually happens in adults, but more and more youth are developing it. In diabetes, the body does not use the food it digests well. Diabetes has become a common global health problem that affects 170 million people worldwide. There are currently 24 million americans estimated to have diabetes. Having pre diabetes means that you are at greater risk for type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke. Prediabetes means that your blood sugar is higher than normal but not high enough to be called diabetes. At first, the pancreas makes extra insulin to make up for it.
There are two main forms of diabetes in the general population, type 1 and type 2. Pre diabetes is defined as a fasting blood sugar of 100 to 125 mgdl. If you are at risk for type 2 diabetes, you may be able to. It is estimated that about 90% of adults currently diagnosed with diabetes have type 2 diabetes. Several guideline documents have been developed by members of these two organisations 10 and by other societies and federations 2, 1115. In type 2 diabetes, a combination of peripheral insulin. Review article diabetes mellitus a devastating metabolic.
View pdf icon pdf 5 mb view pdf icon pdf 21 mb program overview. More handouts about this and other topics can be found at. If you have diabetes, your body either doesnt make enough insulin, it cant use the insulin it does make very well, or both. We represent more than 33,000 members working in or towards a career in general practice and are proud that. The majority of diabetes 90% is type 2 diabetes t2d caused by a combination of. For example, it is known that the type 2 diabetes observed in children is often linked to obesity and insulin resistance and usually a positive family history. And while some people can control their blood sugar levels with. The most popular abbreviation for type 2 diabetes mellitus is. At the top of the list is adjusting to a type 2 diabetes diet, but a new. Type 1 diabetes type 1 diabetes, which used to be called juvenile diabetes, develops most often in young people.
Insulin resistance, type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and. Impaired fasting glucose ifg for fasting glucose levels from 100. Can range from predominant insulin resistance with relative insulin deficiency to prevailing. Type 1 used to be called other names juvenile diabetes, insulindependent diabetes. This handout talks about the symptoms of diabetes and the current treatments out there that most people are doing. Patients with type 1 diabetes have to supplement themselves with insulin injections. The cells in your body need insulin to change glucose, the sugar that comes from the food you eat, into energy you need to live. By the end of 2010, the total number of patients on dialysis was 524 with more than 50% of these patients having dm as the aetiology of kidney failure. A third type, known as gestational diabetes is associated with pregnancy. Up to 50% of individuals with type 2 diabetes have complications at diagnosis 1, 2, with, for example, nephropathy and retinopathy being present in approximately 20% of subjects 2,3. If you have type 2 diabetes, your body does not use insulin properly.
Type 1 versus type 2 diabetes it is usually easy to tell if you have type 1 or. It is recognised that in many parts of the developing world the implementation of particular standards of care is limited by lack of resources. Your guide to diabetes national institute of diabetes. This advice applies to the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and not type 1 which is the type most commonly seen in childhood. International diabetes federation, 2012 clinical guidelines. The next handout will explain the alternative solutions that even some doctors recommend to. It is hard for the body to use carbohydrates and fats. General practice management of type 2 diabetes v 201618 about the racgp the racgp is australias largest professional general practice organisation and represents urban and rural general practitioners gps.
Also called insulin dependent diabetes mellitus or juvenile onset diabetes. It is estimated that by 2030, the number will rise to 366 million. Type 2 diabetes accounts for the vast majority of people who have diabetes90 to 95 out of 100 people. A diagnosis of type 2 diabetes means lifestyle changes that can be frustrating but are important for a long, healthy life. Diabetes develops when the body cant make enough insulin, cant use the insulin well, or both. Type 2 diabetes accounts for the vast majority of people who have diabetes 90 to 95 out of 100 people. It is one of the leading causes of death and disability. General practice management of type 2 diabetes vii national diabetes services scheme how your patients will benefit from membership diabetes australia administers the national diabetes services scheme in conjunction with state and territory diabetes organisations as agents. The main marker of diabetes is high blood sugar glucose. No, but after a lag time of many years in smokers, older patients, and those having diabetic complications, is lowers ones survival, due to the great majority of people concerned patients, docs wrongly think its just diabetes of the elderly. Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Diabetes is the abbreviated term for a condition known as diabetes mellitus.
Without insulin, this sugar cannot get into your cells to do its work. Diabetes due to diseases of the exocrine pancreas pancreatitis, pancreatectomy, or pancreatic adenocarcinoma cystic fibrosis hemochromatosis others diabetes due to other endocrinopathies acromegaly cushings syndrome pheochromocytoma glucagonoma others monogenic forms of diabetes. Obesity is one of the major causes of type 2 diabetes. Most people with diabetes have type 2 most people are over age 40 when diagnosed, but type 2 is becoming more common younger adults, children and teens type 2 is more likely in people who. The dramatic increase in obesity and diabetes worldwide poses a huge socioeconomic burden to healthcare systems. Up to 50% of individuals with type 2 diabetes have complications at diagnosis 1,2, with, for example, nephropathy and retinopathy being present in approximately 20% of subjects 2,3. Choose exercise guidelines and selfmanagement solutions that are specific for your diabetes treatment. Advice for people newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes typically happens to people under the age of 30 and cannot be. Are overweight are noncaucasian have a family history of type 2. Among patients with type 2 diabetes, 25% are believed to have retinopathy. The good news is that eating fewer calories and beingmore active can reverse pre diabetes and delay or prevent type 2 diabetes. However, the risk factors for childhood type 2 diabetes are multiple with ethnicity, puberty, genetics and lifestyle.
1155 1124 205 772 991 1503 302 1191 1117 948 955 763 1227 1204 733 830 1487 413 482 1447 720 146 1160 1215 1 1080 991 784 842 595 937 60 1097 682 1273 1160 1018 380 1163 1433 468 1484 1305