Isbn 0 419 22910 8 case study i the ganga, india this case study was prepared by y. Water pollution is a very serious problem in india which is the second most populous nation in the world. Agriculture may contribute to water pollution from feedlots, pastures, and croplands. West bengal pollution control board wbpcb under the department of environment is entrusted with the responsibility of regulating, controlling and implementing various environmental laws and rules including those, which relate to industrial pollution. West bengal discharges over 50% waste water untreated into ganga. Pdf river systems and water resources of west bengal. Air pollution, water pollution, garbage, and pollution of the natural environment are prevalent in kolkata. Over 7 billion litres of raw sewerage are dumped into the ganga every day from hundreds of towns along the river and its tributaries, and almost half comes from west bengal, says kalyan rudra, chairman of the west bengal pollution control board and a hydrologist who has been tracking the state of the river for many years. West bengal discharges over 50% waste water untreated into. Most rivers, lakes and surface water in india are polluted due to industries, untreated sewage and solid wastes. Case study on social forestry in west bengal india. Do ponds cause arsenicpollution of groundwater in the. The success for sustainable water resource development depends on abatement of pollution with participatory governance and education. Introduction water pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems facing the world.
One of the fast growing urban centres of south bengal is barddhaman town which is situated on the fertile lower damodar floodplain 2314. The west bengal town and country planning and development act, 1979 as amended by west bengal act 18. The parameters also prove that at the karola tista meeting point contamination of water takes place. Nov 09, 2018 we have comprehensively examined the extent of groundwater pollution in india. Analytical results of groundwater samples, 3451, of west bengal. Contamination of drinkingwater by arsenic in bangladesh. Nov 11, 2015 kolkata, the capital city of west bengal, is the most important city in eastern india. Ground water arsenic contaminationa study of major. Water pollution exacerbates the problem of water scarcity at local and regional level by reducing the amount of water available for productive purposes. To discuss how it effects on human being as well as all the living organisms and natural environment. Most of the city dwellers in india draw underground water for domestic. Water pollution can be described as the contamination of water sources by pollutants hence making water harmful to the. Water pollution occurs in many forms, from a wide range of sources. West bengal treats only 49 per cent of the waste water before dumping it in the ganga, says a recent assessment report on the pollution in the river, prepared by the central pollution control board cpcb.
It can help find a viable solution to this problem. Most religious beliefs involve some ceremonial use of holy water. West bengal had the highest number of red category industries3 12,810. The maximum number of point sources were identified in west bengal. The agriculture of this area is directly and indirectly linked with the rivers. Arsenic pollution in groundwater of west bengal, india an insight into the problem by subsurface sediment analysis article pdf available in gondwana research 52. This indicates that if the pollution load in the major drains of uttar pradesh, bihar and west bengal is tackled, water quality would show substantial improvement, the assessment said. The sunderbans in the south 24 parganas district of west bengal state in india is the western part of the largest active delta in the world the gangesbrahmaputra. Bangladesh and west bengal, 93 and 77% samples, on an average, contained arsenic above the normaltoxic level. Sustainable water resource management in west bengal. The upland terraces, mainly made up of pleistocene 10,000yr to 1. Water in 38 per cent blocks in west bengal contaminated.
The principal issues associated with water in west bengal include river degeneration, channel shifting, flood, urban waterlogging, drought, pollution, groundwater depletion and inland navigation. The indiscriminate release of human and animal wastes, especially in areas near human settlements is one of the most prominent causes of groundwater contamination the excessive extraction of groundwater for irrigation and other human consumption purposes can cause depletion of groundwater resources. The west bengal pollution control board is mandated to implement the provisions of the water prevention and control of pollution act, 1974, the air prevention and control of pollution act, 1981 and the environment protection act, 1986 and rules made thereunder, for prevention and control of pollution in the state. We compare the compositions of aspolluted groundwaters from wells with the compositions of waters in ponds upflow, and within the range of influence, of the wells. We report timeseries data collected over two years for. Central pollution control board india water portal. Other sources of pollution include agricultural runoff and unregulated smallscale industry. Arsenic contamination of groundwater is a form of groundwater pollution which is often due to naturally occurring high concentrations of arsenic in deeper levels of groundwater. Monitoring water quality and pollution status of ka ljani. The west bengal pollution control board wbpcb, under the guidance of namp, regularly monitors ambient air quality of major urban towns and industrial areas of the state. This article provides a case study on social forestry in west bengal. Case study i the ganga, india world health organization.
Wbpcb was constituted immediately after the enactment of the first major environmental legislation of the country, the water prevention and control of water. So pollution of water has a great impact on both the quality of growing crops and as well as aquatic life. Chaturvedi and pandey analyzed physicochemical parameters as well as few toxic metals of river ganga at vindhyachal ghat of varanasi. Of the water samples that we analyzed, 59 and 34%, respectively, contained arsenic levels above 50 microgl. Industrial and domestic wastes are dumped into water bodies making them unsuitable for human utilization.
A survey conducted by the ali yavar jung national institute of hearing handicapped and bengal speech and hearing clinic in association with the times of india reveals that noise levels at the city. One state which has succeeded in taking an ambitious social forestry programme to poorer sections of the village community is marxistruled west bengal. West bengal wetlands and waterdodies conservation policy. Surface water pollution water quality monitoring carried out by central pollution control board cpcb at 1700 stations located all over india indicate. Pdf arsenic contamination of groundwater in west bengal. Aug 19, 2016 over 7 billion litres of raw sewerage are dumped into the ganga every day from hundreds of towns along the river and its tributaries, and almost half comes from west bengal, says kalyan rudra, chairman of the west bengal pollution control board and a hydrologist who has been tracking the state of the river for many years. The report describes the results of the study of arsenic pollution in groundwater in nadia as well as the hydrochemical study of the river hoogly in west bengal. Central ground water board, public health engineering department, government of west bengal.
To explain and represent water pollution condition and causes of the study area. Case study i the ganga, india this case study was prepared by y. The demand for water in west bengal is projected to be 10. In west bengal it was with the enactment of the west bengal inland fisheries act, 1984 that environmental concerns regarding water bodies became a part of policy. Others dated 07012020 regarding noise and air pollution caused by a husking mill at. Water pollution is a major predicament that is facing the modern world. Pradesh, rajasthan, tripura and west bengal and in the union territories as it may, by notification in the official gazette, appoint, constitute a central board to be called the. Water in 38 per cent blocks in west bengal contaminated the. Arsenic contamination in ground water of west bengal in the range of 0. Other water pollution sources, related to humans, are sanitary sewers, storm sewers, industry. Landfills and seepage from septic tanks can pollute groundwater. The greater urban conglomeration includes 41 other cities and hosts nearly 15 million, making it the third largest city area in india.
A 2007 study found that over 7 million people in more. Mining, petroleum drilling, and landfills may also be major sources of water pollution. Report of the comptroller and auditor general of india. Climate free fulltext air pollution and human health. Water is a natural resource that is needed to sustain life in this planet. Final report by steering committee, arsenic investigation project, national drinking water mission, public health engineering department, govt. Thousands of hair, nail, and urine samples from people living in arsenicaffected villages have been analyzed to date. The largest source of water pollution in india is untreated sewage. These rules may be called the west bengal prevention and control of water. Ground water arsenic pollution in west bengal and bangladesh. Govt of west bengal for safe drinking water supply and treatment. Point out method and prospects of this major problem. Ground water in 38 per cent of the blocks in west bengal is contaminated with arsenic and fluoride, according to the west bengal pollution control board wbpcb.
Arsenic pollution is pervasive at shallow depth in lowland organic rich holocene 10,000 year bp alluvium in southern parts of the bengal delta. In india many of the rivers are considered to be holy, but water pollution in india has caused many of the rivers to be too polluted for use. West bengal india environment portal news, reports. Kolkata, the capital city of west bengal, is the most important city in eastern india. Recently the urbanization process has been played a dual role in the socioeconomic. Recent study compares the water of two rivers in 2004 and 2014 by two different assessments taking an average of 6 months period. Water pollution is a major environmental issue in india. The primary aim of every indian citizen is to create awareness of the problems caused by groundwater pollution. It is a highprofile problem due to the use of deep tubewells for water supply in the ganges delta, causing serious arsenic poisoning to large numbers of people. Water prevention and control of pollution act, 1974. Climate free fulltext air pollution and human health in. West bengal prevention and control of water pollution. Water pollution control a guide to the use of water quality management.
A major part of india is affected by arsenic pollution. Extent and magnitude of high arsenic in ground water. The alluvial tract along the river hoogly covering a stretch of around 470 km encompassing eight districts is affected by arsenic pollution of ground water, the source being geogenic. First phase action plan report, arsenic investigation project, national drinking water mission, public health engineering department, govt.
Introduction water pollution india is a land with many beautiful rivers and countryside. Jan 08, 2019 the poultry farms which are handling 1,00,000 or more birds at a given time in a single location need to approach wbpcb to obtain necessary consent to establish and operate under the water prevention and control of pollution act, 1974 and the air prevention and control of pollution act, 1981. Arsenic affected persons are spreading in various number in different parts of india. Pollution worsens in the lower ganga the third pole. Water pollution with special reference to pesticide. There are many environmental issues in kolkata, severely affecting its biophysical environment as well as human health.
Central pollution control board, in association with the state pollution control boards of uttarakhand, uttar pradesh, bihar, and west bengal, has established a monitoring network to quantify water quality of the ganga and recommend measures based on the assessment of the data generated for improving the quality. We have also looked into the causes and effects of groundwater contamination. Keywords arsenic pollution, water level, disease, rural, habra block, west bengal. Arsenic contamination of ground water in west bengal. Kolkata, historically known as calcutta, also known as kalikata is the capital of the indian state of west bengal. A short period assessment of water physicochemical. Arsenic contamination in ground water and its effect on human health is a serious matter of concerns many countries the world. Study area the study has been conducted in kolkata, the capital city of west bengal state in india figure1. Kolkata, a waterrich city turning waterpoor the third pole. Groundwater arsenic contamination in bangladesh and west. During the year 20102011, the board monitored air quality in the district of kolkata at 17 stations figure 2 54. Ground water arsenic contaminationa study of major arsenic. The core kolkata city is spread over around 200 square kilometres and has a population of 4. Water pollution is a major problem faced by modern societies.
Prevention and control of pollution in poultry units wbxpress. Pdf arsenic pollution in groundwater of west bengal. Comparison of parameters of two river water has been taken as two different observation systems in almost. Comparative study of pollution status of two main rivers. West bengal pollution control board wbpcb is a statutory authority entrusted to implement environmental laws and rules within the jurisdiction of the state of west bengal, india. The water prevention and control of pollution act, 1974. Introduction today arsenic pollution is a menace to all of us.
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